安装 Docker

官方文档：Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu
https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/

依次执行以下命令，添加 Docker 官方的 GPG Key
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl -y
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

添加 apt 源，这几行是一条命令，把这几行一起复制到终端执行

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

更新 apt 源
sudo apt-get update

安装 Docker
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

查看 Docker 版本
sudo docker version

查看 Docker 运行状态，绿色 active(running) 表示运行正常
查看时按 Ctrl + C 可返回
sudo systemctl status docker